《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(2): 213-220

种子活力和DNA甲基化关系的研究进展

刘建¹, 姚丹青¹, 顾芹芹¹, 楼坚锋^1,*, 张春庆^2,*, 徐瑞斌³, 张安鹏⁴

¹上海市种子管理总站, 上海201103; ²山东农业大学农学院, 泰安271018; ³中国农业大学农学院, 北京100094; ⁴沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳110866

通信作者：楼坚锋；E-mail: cqzhang@sdau.edu.cn; 13021985628@163.com

摘　要：

种子活力在发育中逐渐形成, 成熟期随着水分的减少, 种子获得最大活力。期间发生了许多重要的生理生化反应, 如营养物质大量积累、酶和mRNA的钝化等, 为种子活力的保持和萌发做好准备。植物中有20%~30%的核基因组DNA胞嘧啶处于甲基化状态, DNA甲基化可以调节基因的表达, 维持植物基因组稳定。而植物的DNA甲基化状态在不同器官、不同组织、甚至发育的不同阶段都是不同的, 这与遗传和外界环境的刺激相关。在种子的活力形成和萌发过程中, DNA甲基化状态也发生了复杂的变化, 这种变化具有种属特异性。种子活力的遗传基础复杂, 且受到环境因素的影响。种子经历逆境胁迫时, DNA甲基化状态会发生改变, 种子活力水平也会下降, 这可能是由于逆境胁迫相关基因的DNA甲基化状态发生变化引起的。

关键词：种子活力; DNA甲基化; 激素; 表观遗传

收稿：2018-01-17  

资助：上海市种业发展项目[沪农科种字(2015)第5号]。

Advances on seed vigor and DNA methylation mechanisms

LIU Jian¹, YAO Dan-Qing¹, GU Qin-Qin¹, LOU Jian-Feng^1,*, ZHANG Chun-Qing^2,*, XU Rui-Bin³, ZHANG An-Peng⁴

¹Shanghai Seed Management Station, Shanghai 201103, China; ²College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; ³College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; ⁴ College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural Uinversity, Shenyang 110866, China

Corresponding author: LOU Jian-Feng; E-mail: cqzhang@sdau.edu.cn; 13021985628@163.com

Abstract:

The seed vigor gradually formed in the mature period of development, with the decrease of water, the seed obtains the maximum vigor. During this period, many important physiological and biochemical reactions, such as the accumulation of nutrients, the passivation of enzymes and mRNA and so on, are ready for seed vigor maintenance and germination. There are 20%–30% of the nuclear genome of DNA cytosine in methylation status of plants, DNA methylation can regulate gene expression and maintain plant genome stability. The DNA methylation status of plants is different in different organs, different tissues and even different stages of development, which is related to the stimulation of heredity and external environment. In the process of seed vigor formation and germination, the DNA methylation status has also undergone complex changes, which are specific to the species. The genetic basis of seed vigor is complex and is strongly influenced by environmental factors. When seeds are experiencing adversity stress, the DNA methylation state will change, and seed vigor level will also decrease. This may be due to the change of DNA methylation state of stress related genes and the change of gene expression. Under stress, the methylation status of the seed DNA changes and the seed vigor level will decrease. This may be caused by changes in the DNA methylation status of the related genes.

Key words: seed vigor; DNA methylation; hormones; epidemic